International Posture and L2 Motivation in Türkiye: Examining the Interrelationships Among Undergrad Kolektif

1. Introduction
1.1. Introduction 
1.2. Background of the Study
1.3. Statement of the Problem
1.4. Purpose of the Study
1.5. Research Questions
1.6. Literature Review
1.6.1. Motivation, L2 Motivation and Its Role in L2 Learning
1.6.2. A Historical Overview of L2 Motivational Research
1.6.2.1. The Social-Psychological Period
1.6.2.2. Cognitive-Situated Period
1.6.2.3. The process-oriented Period
1.6.2.4. Transitioning from Process-Oriented to
Socio-Dynamic Perspectives in L2 Motivation........24
1.6.2.5. The Complex Dynamic System Perspectives
1.6.2.6. The Application of the CDS Approach to
Research on Second Language Motivation:
Strengths and Weaknesses
1.6.3. International Posture (IP) 
1.6.3.1. What is International Posture?
1.6.3.1.1. The Evolution of the Concept of IP
1.6.4. The Ever-changing Relationship between
Motivation and International Posture in L2
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Research Design
2. Methodology
2.3. Context and Participants
2.3.1. Description of Participants
2.4. Data Collection Instruments
2.4.1. International Posture Scale (IPS
2.4.2. Motivational Factors Questionnaire (MFQ
2.5. Data Collection and Data Analysis 
2.5.2. Data Analysis
2.5.2.1. The Model of the Study and Hypotheses
2.6. Ethical Considerations
2.7. Chapter Summary
3.1. Introduction
3. Findings
3.2. Findings Related to the First Research Question
3.2.1. Intergroup Approach-Avoidance Tendency
3.2.2. Interest in International Vocation or Activities
3.2.3. Interest in International News
3.2.4. Having Things to Communicate to the World
3.3. Findings Related to the Second Research Question 
3.3.1. The relationship between international posture and
antecedents of Turkish undergraduate English majors in
their learning English journey 
3.3.1.1. Descriptive Statistics and Correlations between
Antecedents and International Posture
3.3.1.2. The Antecedents of International Posture
Effecting on This Study
3.3.1.2.1. Assumptions of Multiple Regression
Analysis
3.3.1.2.2. Findings of Multiple Regression
Analysis for International Posture and its
Antecedents in this Study
3.4. Findings Related to the Third Research Question 
3.4.1. The Relationship between International
Posture and Motivational Factors of Turkish
Undergraduate English Majors in This Study
3.4.1.1. Descriptive Statistics and Correlations
between International Posture and
Motivational Factors
3.4.1.2. Motivational Factors of International Posture
Effeting on this Study
3.4.1.2.1. Assumptions of Multiple Regression
Analysis
3.4.1.2.2. Findings of Multiple Regression
Analysis for International Posture and
Motivational Factors
3.4.2. The Model of the Study and Hypotheses
3.4.2.2. Variables of the study 
3.4.2.2.1. Testing the Scales Used in the Study
3.4.3. Hypothesized Structural Equation Modelling
3.5. Chapter Summary
4.1. Introduction 
4.2. Summary of the study
4. Discussion, Conclusion, and Implications
4.3. Discussion of the Findings of Research Questions 
4.3.2. Discussion for Research Question 2
4.3.3. Discussion for Research Question 3
4.3.4. Research Question 4
4.3.4.1. Interrelationships Among Exposure to
English, Motivational Factors, and
International Posture
4.4. Implications for Practice
4.5. Future Recommendations and Limitations 
4.6. Chapter Summary 
References

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